The Validity of Sanctions Arrangements in Regional Regulations

Authors

  • Ni Luh Gede Astariyani Department of Constitutional Law, Faculty of Law, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
  • Mariko Hattori East Asian Studies & School of Economics, Yamaguchi University, Japan
  • Willy Naresta Hanum Faculty of Law, Universitas Dipenegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v4i3.313

Keywords:

Harmonization, Hierarchy, Regional Regulation, Sanctions, Validity

Abstract

The principle of lower-level legislation in the hierarchy of legislation must not conflict with higher-level regulations and must be enforced. This includes regional regulations whose administrative sanction content must not deviate from higher-level regulations. This study aims to determine the validity of regional regulations in regulating the content of sanctions, the regulation of sanctions for regional head regulations that do not comply with the rules above them, and how binding they are when applied. The research method used is the normative legal method, including the approach to legislation and legal concepts. The comparative method is also used to compare this issue with Japan. The results of this study indicate that there is disharmony between regional regulations and their implementing regulations due to the lack of detailed regulations on the content of regional head regulations, which has the potential to cause deviations in the content and affect the validity of the legal product. This has a negative impact and confuses at the implementation level, especially on the content of sanctions that are not in sync with the rules above them. Meanwhile, in Japan, Japanese administrative sanctions are contained in a very structured and standardized manner to minimize inconsistencies in regulations at the regional level. Therefore, the formation of material content regarding sanctions in implementing regulations must be based on legal validity, both materially and formally.

Author Biography

Ni Luh Gede Astariyani, Department of Constitutional Law, Faculty of Law, Udayana University, Denpasar

Associate Professor of Constitutional Law

References

Adiputri, Ratih, ‘The Empowerment of Parliament in the Transition from an Authoritarian to a Democratic Regime: Indonesian Experiences and Problems’, Parliaments, Estates and Representation, 38.1 (2018), 49–62 https://doi.org/10.1080/02606755.2018.1427319

Al-Fatih, Sholahuddin, Muchamad Ali Safaat, Aan Eko Widiarto, Dhia Al Uyun, and Muhammad Nur, ‘The Hierarchical Model of Delegated Legislation in Indonesia’, Lex Scientia Law Review, 7.2 (2023), 629–58 https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v7i2.74651

Arkhipov, Vladislav, and Victor Naumov, ‘The Legal Definition of Personal Data in the Regulatory Environment of the Russian Federation: Between Formal Certainty and Technological Development’, Computer Law and Security Review, 32.6 (2016), 868–87 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2016.07.009

Arsil, Fitra, Qurrata Ayuni, and Ariesy Tri Mauleny, ‘The Disappearance of the “legislative Model’’: Indonesian Parliament’s Experience in Response to Covid-19”’, The Journal of Legislative Studies, 30.3 (2024), 265–87 https://doi.org/10.1080/13572334.2022.2067948

Asrinaldi, Mohammad Agus Yusoff, and dan Zamzami Abdul Karim, ‘Oligarchy in the Jokowi Government and Its Influence on the Implementation of Legislative Function in Indonesia’, Asian Journal of Comparative Politics, 7.2 (2022), 189–203 https://doi.org/10.1177/2057891121995564

Astariyani, Ni Luh Gede, and Made Nurmawati, ‘Drafting the Substance Materials of The Regional Regulation of Badung Regency on Public Service’, Udayana Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (UJoSSH), 1.1 (2017), 53 https://doi.org/10.24843/UJoSSH.2017.v01.i01.p08

Astariyani, Ni Luh Gede, and I Gusti Ngurah Wairocana, ‘Delegation of Governor Regulation in Ensuring Utility and Justice’, Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal), 8.3 (2019), 302 https://doi.org/10.24843/jmhu.2019.v08.i03.p02

Astariyani, Ni Luh Gede, Ni Putu Wiwin Setyari, and Bagus Hermanto, ‘Regional Government Authority in Determining Policies on the Master Plan of Tourism Development’, Kertha Patrika, 42.3 (2020), 210 https://doi.org/10.24843/KP.2020.v42.i03.p01

Ayu Palar, Miranda Risang, Laina Rafianti, and Helitha Novianty Muchtar, ‘Inclusive Rights to Protect Communal Intellectual Property: Indonesian Perspective on Its New Government Regulation’, Cogent Social Sciences, 9.2 (2023), 1–19 https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2274431

Bassan, Fabio, and Maddalena Rabitti, ‘From Smart Legal Contracts to Contracts on Blockchain: An Empirical Investigation’, Computer Law and Security Review, 55.September (2024), 106035 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2024.106035

Baume, Sandrine, ‘On Political Theology: A Controversy between Hans Kelsen and Carl Schmitt’, History of European Ideas, 35.3 (2009), 369–81 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.histeuroideas.2009.01.001

Bennett, Mark, ‘Leaving the Hart-Fuller Debate and Reclaiming Fuller: Form, Agency, and Morality in Kristen Rundle’s Forms Liberate’, Victoria University of Wellington Law Review, 44.3/4 (2013), 461–86 https://doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v44i3/4.4990

van der Burg, Wibren, ‘Lon L. Fuller’s Lessons for Legislators’, SSRN Electronic Journal, 2014 https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2460614

BUTT, Simon, ‘The Indonesian Constitutional Court: Reconfiguring Decentralization for Better or Worse?’, Asian Journal of Comparative Law, 14.1 (2019), 147–74 https://doi.org/10.1017/asjcl.2018.19

Butt, Simon, and Prayekti Murharjanti, ‘What Constitutes Compliance? Legislative Responses to Constitutional Court Decisions in Indonesia’, International Journal of Constitutional Law, 20.1 (2022), 428–53 https://doi.org/10.1093/icon/moac014

Chan, Kay Wah, ‘Justice System Reform and Legal Ethics in Japan’, Legal Ethics, 14.1 (2015), 73–108 https://doi.org/10.5235/146072811796373041

Croissant, Aurel, ‘Provisions, Practices and Performances of Constitutional Review in Democratizing East Asia’, The Pacific Review, 23.5 (2010), 549–78 https://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2010.521851

Dang, Quyen Thao, Hussain Gulzar Rammal, Pervez N. Ghauri, Pavlina Jasovska, and Santiago Velasquez, ‘“Caught in the Middle”: Effects on and Reactions of Vietnamese Timber Exporters in the Context of US-China Economic Sanctions’, Journal of World Business, 59.6 (2024), 101583 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2024.101583

Depetris Chauvin, Nicolas, Dominique Valentin, Jorge Herman Behrens, and Heber Rodrigues, ‘Country-of-Origin as Bias Inducer in Experts’ Wine Judgments - A Sensory Experiment in a World Wine Fair’, International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 35.December 2023 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2024.100883

Febbrajo, Alberto, Law, Legal Culture and Society, Law, Legal Culture and Society, 2018 https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351040341

Gaffar, Salahuddin, Agus Mulya Karsona, Yani Pujiwati, and Indra Perwira, ‘The Concept of Procedural Law Regarding the Implementation of Collective Agreements with Legal Certainty in Termination of Employment in Indonesia’, Heliyon, 7.4 (2021), e06690 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06690

GILLESPIE, John, ‘Public Discourse and Constitutional Change: A Comparison of Vietnam and Indonesia’, Asian Journal of Comparative Law, 11.2 (2016), 209–18 https://doi.org/10.1017/asjcl.2016.17

González-Val, Rafael, Domingo P. Ximénez-de-Embún, and Fernando Sanz-Gracia, ‘A Long-Term, Regional-Level Analysis of Zipf’s and Gibrat’s Laws in the United States’, Cities, 149.September 2023 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2024.104946

Gottschalk, Petter, ‘How Convenient Is Deviance to Circumvent and Evasion Sanctions against Russia? The Case of Alleged Economic Crime in a Norwegian Seafood Company’, Journal of Economic Criminology, 3.December 2023 (2024), 100045 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconc.2023.100045

Hermanto, Bagus, ‘Deliberate Legislative Reforms to Improve the Legislation Quality in Developing Countries: Case of Indonesia’, The Theory and Practice of Legislation, 11.1 (2023), 1–31 https://doi.org/10.1080/20508840.2022.2080392

Hermanto, Bagus, and Nyoman Mas Aryani, ‘Omnibus Legislation as a Tool of Legislative Reform by Developing Countries: Indonesia, Turkey and Serbia Practice’, The Theory and Practice of Legislation, 9.3 (2021), 425–50 https://doi.org/10.1080/20508840.2022.2027162

Hu, Jin-Li, Satoshi Honma, and Shen-Yuan Chang, ‘Renewable Energy Generation Efficiency of Japan’s Administrative Regions: An Application of the Dynamic Slacks-Based Measure’, Next Energy, 1.3 (2023), 100029 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxener.2023.100029

Hutchinson, Terry, ‘The Doctrinal Method: Incorporating Interdisciplinary Methods in Reforming the Law’, Erasmus Law Review, 2016 https://doi.org/10.5553/ELR.000055

Igirisa, Siti Rahmawaty, Nur Insani, and Marwan Marwan, ‘Harmonization of Contents the Draft Regional Regulation on Financial Management of Gorontalo Province’, Amsir Law Journal, 4.2 (2023), 194–205 https://doi.org/10.36746/alj.v4i2.206

Imai, Takeyoshi, ‘Evolution in Japan’s Legal System for Ensuring Traffic Safety’, IATSS Research, 48.3 (2024), 456–63 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iatssr.2024.07.005

Ishak, Nurfaika, Rahmad Ramadhan Hasibuan, and Tri Suhendra Arbani, ‘Bureaucratic and Political Collaboration Towards a Good Governance System’, BESTUUR, 8.1 (2020), 19 https://doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v8i1.42922

Jamaluddin, Muhammad, ‘The Role of the People in the Amendment of the 1945 Constitution Based on Democratic Constitution Making: Future Prospects’, PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law), 07.01 (2020), 19–42 https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v7n1.a2

Koga, H., S. Bouzarovski, and S. Petrova, ‘Unsettling Mainstream Academic Debates on Community-Based Energy Governance: Exploring the Japanese Experience’, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 207.July 2023 (2025), 114994 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2024.114994

Kruse, Niklas, and Julius Schöning, ‘Legal Conform Data Sets for Yard Tractors and Robots: AI-Based Law Compliance Check on the Right to One’s Image’, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 223.March (2024), 109106 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2024.109106

Lele, Gabriel, ‘Revisiting the Virtues of Veto Point: Political Corruption in Post-Soeharto Indonesia’, The Journal of Legislative Studies, 26.2 (2020), 275–94 https://doi.org/10.1080/13572334.2020.1738688

Lenaerts, Koen, and Marlies Desomer, ‘Towards a Hierarchy of Legal Acts in the European Union? Simplification of Legal Instruments and Procedures’, European Law Journal, 11.6 (2005), 744–65 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0386.2005.00285.x

Lomaeva, M., J. Saunavaara, Y. Mitani, and T. Nakajima, ‘Subnational Governments and Non-State Actors in Environmental Governance: Japan, Russia, and the Northern Fur Seal’, Polar Science, 41.November 2023 (2024), 101099 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polar.2024.101099

Luthviati, Resti Dian, ‘The Role of Local Governments in the Defense of Leading Products’, BESTUUR, 8.2 (2020), 121 https://doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v8i2.43138

Miyashita, Hiroshi, ‘Human-Centric Data Protection Laws and Policies: A Lesson from Japan’, Computer Law and Security Review, 40.142 (2021), 105487 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2020.105487

Mochtar, Zainal Arifin, and Kardiansyah Afkar, ‘President’s Power, Transition, and Good Governance’, BESTUUR, 10.1 (2022), 68 https://doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v10i1.59098

Murphy, Colleen, ‘Lon Fuller and the Moral Value of the Rule of Law’, Law and Philosophy, 24.3 (2005), 239–62 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10982-004-7990-3

Oanta, Gabriela A., ‘The Application of Administrative Sanctions in the Fight against IUU Fishing: An Assessment of Spanish Practice’, Marine Policy, 144.May (2022), 105211 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105211

Ohta, Hiroshi, and Brendan Barrett, ‘Politics of Climate Change and Energy Policy in Japan: Is Green Transformation Likely?’, Earth System Governance, 17.July (2023), 100187 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esg.2023.100187

Olechowski, Thomas, ‘Legal Hierarchies in the Works of Hans Kelsen and Adolf Julius Merkl’, 2018, pp. 353–62 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73037-0_9

Pratono, Aluisius Hery, and Ari Sutanti, ‘The Ecosystem of Social Enterprise: Social Culture, Legal Framework, and Policy Review in Indonesia’, Pacific Science Review B: Humanities and Social Sciences, 2.3 (2016), 106–12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psrb.2016.09.020

Rich, Roland, ‘Designing the DPD: Indonesia’s Regional Representative Council’, Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 47.2 (2011), 263–73 https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2011.585953

Rodiyah, Rodiyah, Siti Hafsyah Idris, and Robert Brian Smith, ‘Mainstreaming Justice in the Establishment of Laws and Regulations Process: Comparing Case in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Australia’, Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies, 8.1 (2023), 333–78 https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v7i2.60096

Setijadi, Charlotte, ‘The Pandemic as Political Opportunity: Jokowi’s Indonesia in the Time of Covid-19’, Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 57.3 (2021), 297–320 https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2021.2004342

Shulan, Fu, ‘The Formation of the Legal System for Modern Planning in China before 1950: Comparison with Japan’s 1919 Act’, Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 19.3 (2020), 285–94 https://doi.org/10.1080/13467581.2020.1726761

Siboy, Ahmad, Sholahuddin Al-Fatih, Devi Triasari, and Hilaire Tegnan, ‘Legal Social Justice in Appointment Non-Definitive Regional Heads toward Welfare State’, BESTUUR, 11.1 (August) (2023), 144 https://doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v11i1.71055

Siems, Mathias M., ‘THE TAXONOMY OF INTERDISCIPLINARY LEGAL RESEARCH: FINDING THE WAY OUT OF THE DESERT’, Journal of Commonwealth Law and Legal Education, 7.1 (2009), 5–17 https://doi.org/10.1080/14760400903195090

Silbey, Susan S., Legal Culture and Legal Consciousness, International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences: Second Edition, Second Edi (Elsevier, 2015), XIII https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.86067-5

Studzinska, Joanna Maria, ‘Electronic Bailiff Files as a Tool for Computerization the Administration of Justice in the Polish Legal System’, Procedia Computer Science, 192 (2021), 2943–51 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.09.066

Subawa, I. Made, Bagus Hermanto, Ida Ayu Mas Ratu, and Mariko Hattori, ‘Observance of the Legal Choice for the Settlement of Indonesia’s Past Gross Violations of Human Rights’, Yuridika, 39.2 (2024), 231–56 https://doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v39i2.44828

Timothy, Inside the World of Japanese Popular Culture, 2015 https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315703220

Ummah, Masfi Sya’fiatul, Japanese Legal System, Sustainability (Switzerland), 2019, XI https://doi.org/10.4324/9781843143222

———, Rules of Law and Laws of Ruling: On the Governace of Law, Sustainability (Switzerland), 2019, XI https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315607139

Vanoverbeke, Dimitri, Juries in the Japanese Legal System, Routledge, 2015 https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315709901

Wang, Zihan, Meiling Chen, Shijin Hao, Hongjie Lei, Huaide Xu, and Xiaofeng Yue, ‘Quality of Jujube Wines Fermented by Different Jujube Varieties: Physicochemical Parameters, Antioxidant Activity, Non-Volatile and Volatile Substances’, Lwt, 208.May (2024), 116698 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2024.116698

Wardhani, Lita Tyesta Addy Listya, Muhammad Dzikirullah H. Noho, and Aga Natalis, ‘The Adoption of Various Legal Systems in Indonesia: An Effort to Initiate the Prismatic Mixed Legal Systems’, Cogent Social Sciences, 8.1 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2104710

Wedhatami, Bayangsari, Ratih Damayanti, and Cindy Ayu Prasasi, ‘Navigating Regional Regulatory Changes in Indonesia: An In-Depth Analysis of Post-Amendment Implementation of Law Number 12 of 2011 on Legislation Formation’, Unnes Law Journal, 9.2 (2023), 237–64 https://doi.org/10.15294/ulj.v9i2.78642

Wibisana, Andri Gunawan, ‘MENULIS DI JURNAL HUKUM: GAGASAN, STRUKTUR, DAN GAYA’, Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan, 49.2 (2019), 471 https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol49.no2.2014

Widodo, Agus Tri, and Agus Riwanto, ‘Harmonizing Regional Spatial Arrangements As Effort To Improve Law Number 11 Of 2020 On Job Creation To Optimize Regional Development’, Jurnal Dinamika Hukum, 23.2 (2023), 286 https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2023.23.2.3289

Wijaya, Mas Pungky Hendra, and Mohammad Zulfikar Ali, ‘Legislation Impediments in Reorganising Government Bodies in Indonesia’, BESTUUR, 9.1 (2021), 1 https://doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v9i1.51633

Zhang, Chengquan, Xifeng Wu, Sijia Zhao, Hatef Madani, Jin Chen, and Yu Chen, ‘Multi-Agent Simulation of the Effects of Japanese Electricity Market Policies on the Low-Carbon Transition’, Energy Strategy Reviews, 52.April 2023 (2024), 101333 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2024.101333

Downloads

Published

2024-12-04

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System

Section

Articles

Citation Check

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Ni Luh Gede Astariyani, Mariko Hattori, Willy Naresta Hanum

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or edit it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.